The key to any successful PR campaign revolves 
around creating interest in your company - both 
with your customers and with the media.
There's a famous saying that goes like this, "If 
the circus is coming to town and you paint a sign 
saying 'Circus Coming to the Fairground 
Saturday,' that's advertising. If you put the 
sign on the back of an elephant and walk him into 
town, that's promotion. If the elephant walks 
through the mayor's flowerbed, that's publicity. 
If you can get the mayor to laugh about it, 
that's public relations. And if you planned the 
elephant's walk, that's marketing."
While this may seem like just a cute anecdote, 
there is an important lesson to be learned from 
it: A well-timed public relations (PR) campaign 
can increase your businesses' chances of reaching 
your target market with exactly what they want to 
hear, when they are ready to hear it. Like most 
PR experts, Marissa Verson Harrison, co-founder 
and principal of California-based InterActive 
Public Relations, agrees that this is not a 
simple task, explaining "good strategic PR is an art."
The art of building a successful PR campaign 
revolves around creating strong relationships 
with the media and your customers, planning 
special events and building an image - elements 
that when combined gain publicity, or "buzz," for 
your company. You need not spend thousands of 
dollars creating buzz about your company, 
however. Innovative methods, such as identifying 
a media niche, creating a theme, and using trade 
shows and celebrity spokespersons are all 
publicity-generating vehicles for budget-minded businesses.
Can You Hear the Buzz?
You can garner attention for your company using a 
variety of creative techniques, from basic media 
relations to outrageous stunts. Fred Cook, a 
general manager for Golin/Harris International 
(GHI), says entrepreneurs who seek to generate 
excitement about their businesses should start by 
establishing local media contacts and building 
long-lasting relationships with them. "On the 
other end of the spectrum, staging a larger media 
event or stunt related to a specific product or 
announcement may help generate buzz about a company," he adds.
Cook helped create buzz for Southwest Airlines 
with an out-of-the-box idea that complemented the 
company's offbeat attitude. When Southwest 
acquired Morris Air in 1994, they were thrust 
into the cold corporate spotlight. To reinforce 
Southwest's fun-loving company culture, GHI 
arranged a quickie mock marriage in Las Vegas 
between costumed characters "Southwest Spirit" and "Morris Magic."
An engagement announcement was distributed to the 
media, and on the special day, an Elvis 
impersonator "married" the blissful couple in 
front of well-wishers from both airlines, with 
flight attendants and pilots acting as the 
wedding party. GHI then distributed a "marriage 
announcement" to key media outlets nationwide. As 
a result of the event, Cook says Southwest 
Airlines gained extensive media coverage from the 
likes of CNN, CBS Radio Network, Associated Press 
Wire, Bloomberg Business News and more.
Staging Your Own Media Event
Trade shows can provide an excellent, 
cost-effective arena for creating buzz about your 
company and introducing new products or services 
to a captive audience. Dave Lakhani, a former 
small business owner and current sales director 
for Idaho-based Cougar Mountain Software, 
proposes turning trade shows into your own media 
events. "Send engraved invitations to the media 
that will be attending and have a special time 
set aside for them," he suggests, "then dazzle them while you are there."
One company that put such a plan into motion is 
Connecticut-based Verilux, Inc., a full spectrum 
lighting company, which lit up the competition at 
a recent national hardware trade show in Chicago. 
To promote a line of healthy lighting products, 
they featured a representative dressed up as a 
"human light bulb" and circulated throughout the 
convention center talking to attendees and posing 
for photographs. The light bulb stood almost 
eight feet tall, which made the Verilux booth 
very visible to the attendees. "We also sent out 
a press release before the show to let people 
know to look for the human light bulb to find the 
Verilux booth," says Dwight Robinson, Verilux's 
account executive at California-based PR firm Christie Communications.
This bright idea for the human light bulb was a 
collaborative effort between Robinson and Gillian 
Christie, president of Christie Communications. 
Robinson says of the thousands of trade show 
exhibitors, only one other company used a costumed figure.
"All the other lighting companies were talking 
about the Verilux light bulb. It was so unique 
that even some of the trade show organizers and 
personnel came by to get a photo with [him]. This 
brought a tremendous amount of media attention 
including that of the Detroit News and the Chicago Sun-Times," boasts Robinson.
Finding Your Media Niche
When it comes to approaching the media to attract 
buzz, customizing your message is the only way to 
get their attention. After all, you don't carry 
on the exact same conversation with everyone you 
know, so why would you send every newspaper the same press release?
"Each media outlet has different story needs and 
a different audience," says Anthony Mora, 
president and CEO of Anthony Mora Communications, 
Inc. and author of "Alchemy of Success," a how-to 
book describing successful media tactics. Before 
attempting to pitch your story to an editor, Mora 
advises asking yourself what would make a 
disinterested party want to read an article about 
your company. "Once you hit on the 'hook,'" he says, "you have a story."
"An explosion of both new companies and new media 
is generating stiff competition in the 
marketplace of public awareness," says Rob Roth, 
business-to-business communications specialist at 
BSMG Worldwide. "It's also creating a gold mine 
of opportunities to reach the audiences that 
matter to you." Roth says when you find a media 
niche for your business, you engage in your 
industry's dialogue, establish a company 
presence, create an awareness and build credibility.
Roth explains that entrepreneurs can also 
generate a buzz by identifying their own media 
niche. He cites, as an example, his schoolmate at 
Northwestern University, Sam Jones, co-founder of 
Mercator Group, a Chicago-based business 
acquisition consulting firm, who found an 
African-American minority media niche and turned 
it into free press exposure for his company. 
"Using talent and determination, [Jones] not only 
won admittance to a top university but worked to 
pay his own way through it. During school, he 
traveled the Midwest, speaking to minority youth 
about achieving for one's self and community. He 
now brings that same ability and determination to 
the company he helped found. That's news," insists Roth.
Jones was one of four entrepreneurs featured in 
the Boston Business Journal's annual "minorities 
in business" focus section. He is but one example 
of an entrepreneur who took on the media without a PR firm and succeeded.
"The beautiful part for entrepreneurs is that 
most everyone and every business has a story to 
tell, a distinctive voice than can make a space 
for itself amid the noise," Roth explains. "As we 
enter the new millennium, good entrepreneurial 
media relations is primarily about identifying 
your story and determining who cares about it." 
It can be time-consuming, he warns, but this kind 
of work is inexpensive and can give the business 
owner a greater understanding of his industry.
Celebrity Buzz
When celebrities appear in a company's product 
advertisements, it can create a very loud buzz. 
Art Siegel, publisher of Florida-based 
SalesDoctors magazine, says this happens for two 
reasons: "We are unconsciously drawn to the 
familiar. So, right off the bat, the presence of 
a celebrity gives many customers an extra reason 
to stop and pay attention to the ad. Second is 
the widespread belief that a celebrity appearance 
in an ad represents a true endorsement - that the 
celebrity uses the product and believes it to be better than its competitors."
Siegel adds that celebrity endorsements can carry 
the same weight for customers as a recommendation from a friend.
"While the illusion is that the celebrity is 
endorsing the vendor's product or service, the 
job of celebrity spokesperson is strictly 
business," explains Siegel. He says if you can 
afford the celebrity's fee, you have as good an 
opportunity of attracting the celebrity's 
services as any other company. "And many 
celebrities cost much less than one would expect. 
A well-known person might work on a television 
commercial for $10,000 or less per day. To the 
celebrity, $10,000 per day is very nice income. 
To the business owner, who then runs that ad on 
television 100 times, the talent 
fee-per-appearance is really quite small," he says.
Celebrity spokespersons are usually represented 
by agents who serve as brokers. If you're 
interesting in contracting the services of a 
celebrity spokesperson, Siegel suggests 
contacting several agents, describing your 
business goals, then asking for recommendations 
on available celebrities who best fit your 
product or promotion. "The key to making 
celebrities work for a company is finding someone 
who will be credible for your product. That's 
more important than how famous they are. If you 
sell plant food, find a famous horticulturist, 
not just an actor. If you sell coffee, find a 
famous chef. And if you sell carpet cleaning, 
find someone who is recognized in decorating or 
living in a fine home," says Siegel. "The closer 
the fit, the greater the perceived endorsement value."
In one such innovative marketing relationship, 
PostNet Postal and Business Services has teamed 
up with NFL players to create their own buzz in 
the pack-and-ship industry. Steven Greenbaum, 
CFE, president and CEO of Nevada-based PostNet 
International Franchise Corp., conceived the 
idea. "Conceptually, it made a lot of sense to 
utilize a spokesperson who had to make the same 
kind of commitment to his career that we did to 
succeed in our business," he explains of the teaming concept.
Rather than a single personality, PostNet 
franchisees sign various known sports figures to 
work in specific regions. "We wanted more than 
just a program that would heighten brand 
awareness," Greenbaum says. "With the support of 
the athlete in the local market, we're also 
increasing sales of products and services."
PostNet's offerings include packaging and 
delivery of time-sensitive materials and various 
business-support services such as printing, 
binding and laminating. NFL players, like former 
San Franciso 49er and four-time Super Bowl 
champion Ronnie Lott, help generate a marketing 
buzz in home territories by allowing their name 
and endorsement to be used in local, regional and 
national advertising campaigns, making personal 
appearances in local stores, and participating in 
joint community-service efforts. The athletes are 
then compensated based on the performance of the territories they represent.
So how did PostNet land such a plum deal? "I 
believe [the athletes] share our strong desire to 
compete and succeed in the marketplace," says 
Greenbaum. "They know we have put our hearts and 
souls and everything we own into developing this 
business. Winners are always interested in winning opportunities."
Not only did Greenbaum believe the company and 
the players shared a similar philosophy, but he 
was also not afraid to approach them. "In 
business or life you don't get anything without 
asking," he says bluntly. "You might be surprised 
to learn that the person you are asking just 
might be flattered by the request and thrilled 
about the opportunity to endorse your small business."
Why Some Companies Get All the Buzz
Have you ever wondered why the same companies 
seem to attract all of the media coverage? No 
matter where you turn - newspapers, trade 
magazines, even lifestyle publications - it seems 
that some businesses are just natural media 
darlings. Do they know some secret that the rest 
of us don't? According to Kris Bondi, founder of 
California-based Communications Network 
Worldwide, the answer is probably not all that 
mysterious. "Companies that get all the buzz 
usually have a good marriage of solid or 
innovative product or service with good promotional ideas," she explains.
Silicon Valley-based interactive software 
developer Marimba is a prime example of a company 
that has been getting all the buzz in the 
software industry since its 1996 inception. Not 
only does Marimba have cutting-edge products and 
a very visible CEO in Kim Polese, but Bondi says 
they captured the media's attention, then 
maintained it, by creating relationships.
"The best way to get the industry's attention is 
with a 'first, biggest or best' of a new product 
or service. If you are the second company to 
offer something, you are already at a 
disadvantage, but if you can show why yours is 
different than the rest, you are on your way to 
getting buzz. Marimba's success is due, in part, 
to being consistently evaluated by independent 
organizations such as PC Magazine as having a superior product," she explains.
It is a myth, Bondi says, that companies like 
these have to spend a lot of money on marketing 
to become buzz magnets: "Too many companies think 
they need to do ongoing promotions. They are 
wasting money. Promotions are important, but 
there needs to be something behind it." She cites 
Nabisco, maker of Oreo cookies, as an example of 
one of the best and least-expensive promotions 
she has seen. During a 1997 news assembly at the 
National Restaurant Association conference, the 
cunning cookie company generated an economical 
buzz by listing the event in daily conference 
announcements, in addition to distributing a 
"media alert" that they were holding the press 
briefing. The information given out was not 
ground breaking at all, she explains, but Nabisco 
had an ace up its sleeve: They fed the news 
conference attendees milk and Oreos. As a result, 
the company had a packed house of hungry 
reporters and PR people listening to their announcement.
"This wasn't an expensive promotion, but it was 
effective. It fit the company culture and 
accomplished Nabisco's goal of getting reporters 
to their news conference," Bondi explains.
Media Kits Build Media Relationships
There are several strategies for developing media 
kits, but experts agree a visually appealing 
media kit, with professional photos and 
well-written press releases are an important 
resource for creating buzz. A good media kit will 
pique an editor's curiosity and gain the company free publicity.
Ogilvy PR Worldwide (OPR) specializes in the 
production of strategic media materials. Sherry 
Pudloski, a senior vice president at OPR, says, 
"While the appearance of the kit can peak a 
reporter's interest, the buzz a company is 
looking to create comes from the effort put 
behind the kit, from the development of the 
content to the follow-up discussions with 
reporters." She says the biggest mistake most 
companies make in creating media kits is making 
it look or read like a company or product 
advertisement. "The goal of distributing a kit is 
to generate a story, but also to provide a 
valuable resource. If you can demonstrate a 
perspective beyond your company and can tie in 
the relevance of your company to the broader 
business environment, you'll become a valued resource," explains Pudloski.
"If you respect their deadlines and are helpful, 
not pushy, you will build relationships," Bondi adds.
So what should be included in a professional 
media kit? Just the facts. Experts say less is 
more, information-wise. Terri Firebaugh, 
principal of Firebaugh Communications, a PR firm 
that specializes in small- to mid-sized 
businesses, says small business owners should 
include a company biography, a professional 
photograph of the key players and the product or 
performance of a service, a fact sheet and a 
recent news release geared toward the target 
audience. But, Firebaugh says, you should never 
include sales information in a press kit.
The budget for a first-time professional media 
kit varies, depending on labor and materials. 
Smaller firms can be contracted to develop press 
kits for as little as $500 while larger media 
houses may charge up to $8,000. However, experts 
warn a half-baked press kit could do more harm 
than good, so you shouldn't skimp on value. If 
the information is not presented professionally, 
your company's image will suffer.
Further, without functionality, your packet is 
likely to end up in the circular file (read: 
wastepaper basket) of a busy reporter's office. 
Press releases are often the backbone of an 
appealing media kit. "A well-written news release 
serves as an outline of what the story is. If the 
release is written like a news story, and it 
actually has news in it, it is more likely to 
interest the reporter in doing a piece on it," 
says Bondi. If you are not a good writer, hire 
one, adds Lakhani. "Third- and fourth-year PR 
students make good PR writers," he suggests.
Including published clips about your company is a 
popular tactic, however, Bondi says sending 
reprints from other publications can sometimes 
backfire. "The New York Times does not want to 
see that The Washington Post covered this story 
last month. The response you will receive is that 
the story has been covered." Bondi also warns: 
Don't change the date on news releases. "A news 
release is a snapshot in time. If you are caught 
changing the date on news releases to make them 
appear 'fresher,' reporters will not trust that 
anything you tell them is current," she explains.
Professional artwork is also important and should 
always be included in a professional media kit. 
"It should contain graphics in a variety of 
formats as well as black-and-white and color 
pictures for scanning," says Lakhani. A 
well-prepared media kit will provide an editor 
with everything he or she needs to run a story on your company.
Creating Buzz by Creating a Theme
Savvy companies use media kits to create buzz by 
creating a theme. Mike Neumeier, group director 
of business-to-business technology for 
Atlanta-based Duffey Communications, says small 
businesses must use creative media kits to break 
through the clutter on a reporter's desk. He says 
themed press kits can help personify a company. 
For example, Duffey created a Denmark software 
maker's media kit around a cowboy theme, which 
included a bull whip and press release stating, 
"In the wild, wild world of Windows, we're 
whipping business into shape." Similarly, 
Duffey's client Navision Software smoked out the 
competition with a cigar box theme. Neumeier says 
reporters couldn't resist the package, which 
included an actual cigar, lighter and cutter.
However, Neumeier stresses props must be used 
correctly to be effective. "It needs to capture 
the spirit and message of the product, company, 
organization or event. In public relations 
creativity for the sake of creativity is 
dangerous - that is what art is for. In the 
marketing communications field creativity needs 
to contribute to the bottom line. Often it is 
used to make the company stand out or to show 
that the company is a thought leader. In the end, 
pushing up the bottom line is what matters," he insists.
Creating themes can be expensive, but need not 
always be, says Neumeier. You can utilize 
technology, for instance, to equalize the cost of 
a theme-based promotion. Last Christmas, Duffey 
dressed its Web site in holiday garb, complete 
with Christmas lights and a tree. "We then 
disseminated a release letting our targeted media 
know about how we had 'decked the Internet 
halls,'" says Neumeier. The result: Duffey Web 
traffic analysis reports indicated that more 
people visited the site in December than any 
other month in 1997. "All it took was a little 
creativity surrounding a likable theme," explains Neumeier.
Contrarily, sometimes the best press kit is no 
press kit at all. When the Boston Beer Company, 
maker of Samuel Adams beer, started out, the 
company consisted of its founder Jim Koch and his 
secretary. Koch himself became the information 
vehicle for the media. "If we had sent a big, fat 
press kit, we would have left the incorrect 
impression that there was a company there," says 
Sally Jackson, founder of PR firm Jackson & Co. 
Koch went door-to-door selling the recipe that 
had been his great-great grandfather's and 
embarked on a telephone calling campaign to media 
and restaurateurs as part of his PR stratagem. 
"In that case, the media, who covered the story, 
created the buzz. And we did it without a press 
release, a product photo or anything like that. 
It was a couple of months later that we issued 
our first press release, and that was only after 
we'd been voted Best Beer In America at the Great 
American Beer Festival," says Jackson.
Getting the Word Out
Experts say mass distribution of media kits can 
be expensive and ineffective. "The best way to 
distribute media kits depends on what you are 
trying to accomplish," says Bondi. She suggests 
selected mailings to targeted reporters. "For the 
smaller outlets, you can usually just send them a 
release," says Firebaugh. However, she says for 
larger national outlets, very individualized 
mailings are more appropriate. Follow-ups are 
just as important as the initial mailings. 
Experts agree three days is the standard waiting 
time, unless breaking news is involved.
Bondi offers some final buzz words: "Make sure 
when you are pitching a reporter you actually 
have news or a reason why your company should be 
profiled. When you build a relationship with a 
reporter they will cover you again - ultimately, 
that is how you create ongoing buzz that will help your business grow."
Copyright © 2003 Virtual Advisor, Inc. All rights reserved.